Refinery

Refining of the oil, there are three basic processes in the Batch refinery

Neutralisation : Neutralizer to remove the Free Fatty Acids (FFA) by adding caustic soda. Oil is heated up to about 60°C by heating coils and oil is stirred by stirrer. Then soap stock formed due to chemical reaction between free fatty acid and caustic soda which are allowed to settle at the bottom of the neutralizer from where it is taken out into soap stock tank.This oil is washed with hot water to reduce extra caustic and soap ppm in the neutral oil.Some oil like Soya bean oil requires to Degumming, the process in batch system calculate amount of phosphoric acid add before adding caustic in neutralizer.

Bleaching : Neutralise oil is heated in bleacher at 100’C to 110’C under vaccume.After reaching the temperature by adding Bleaching earth the color remove by the process called adsorption process. Where all coloring pigments are adsop on the surface of the bleaching earth, this is catalytic reaction. Color pigments and bleaching earth remove by filtering system.

De odorize : The bleached oil is heated in the de odorize to remove odoriferous materials like phenols tocopherols aldehydes, ketones which are basic responsible for color of oil. This all odoriferous material evaporates by high temperature at 180’C to 240’C under high vacuum systems.Thermic Fluid Boiler, Vacuum Pump, Barometric Condenser, Catchol, Steam Generator etc. play their role in the refining process. So these equipments are part of the refinery and connected with the vessels through pipelines.

Cooler : De odorized oil is requires cooling at atmospheric temperaturtre to avoid oxidation.De odorized oil cool in the cooler with cooling media upto 45’c.Before sending this oil for final packaging oil is pass through the bag filter

Dewaxing : Like sunflower oil which contain some wax is requires to remove before packing. This process oil is pass through chill media reduce the temperature at the 5’C to 10’C then pass through the filter to remove wax.

Process for palm oil refinery , fraction process : Palm oil requires fractionation process , in which palm olein , palm styrene are separated by chilling system at ceratin temperature oil pass through the filter the fraction and composition of oil receive. For this purpose crystallizing vessels are use in which chilling pipe coils cool the oil for fractionation. Palm styrene crystals are formed due to chilling which are separated in the filter press and pure liquid of palm olein is obtained and palm styrene cake is retained in the filter press

MITSUN Oil Refinery Machinery in Batch system available from 5MT per day to 50MT per day

We make all ranges of Refinery from 1.5 MT/Batch to 12MT/Batch 5 MT to 50MT per day with high efficient technological machineries

• Neutralization
• Bleacher
• Deodorizers with high efficient vacuum system
• horizontal / vertical cooler
• Plate and frame Filter press
• pressure Leaf Filter
• Thermic fluid boiler,
• Steam boiler with water softening plant
• Cooling Tower

Degumming & Neutralizing : Crude oil is delivered to the system by the Feed Pump. It is heated to 60 - 70 C in the Crude Oil pass through plate heat exchanger by hot oil from down-stream bleaching or deodorizing operations, when necessary, by steam in the Feed Heater mixed with pre calculated quantity of Phosphoric acid in a gum conditioning mixer , pre calculated quantity of water to be added through controller gauges . Flow of Oil water mixture is fed to hydration tank to give sufficient retention time for gums to agglomerate on hydration. This oil is then pumped to separator where the oil and hydrated gums are separated and pumped to storage or disposal or gum drying plant in case of soybean gums. For cottonseed washed oil is charge in this process.

In the case of water degumming process, crude oil is heated to required temperature in the plate heat exchanger, mixed with pre calculated water through mixer and fed to the hydration tank for sufficient residence time for gums to agglomerate. Then it is pumped to separator where oil and hydrated gums are separated.

Water degummed oil from separator is pumped to plate heat exchanger where oil is heated to neutralization temperature i.e. around 80 to 90 Deg C. The hot oil is fed to mixer with requisite quantity of phosphoric acid where oil and phosphoric acid is allowed a retention time and the precipitation of trace metals take place.

Degummed oil is fed in to mixer via controlling trough flow valves where it is mixed with calculated quantity of caustic soda solution of suitable strength, caustic lye is pre made as requires in Baume. Free fatty acid reacts with caustic soda to form soap. The reacted oil is sent to the Gum/Soap Separator. The precipitated impurities are removed from the oil as water based heavy phase referred to as soap stock.

Hot Water Washing : The residual soap in the degummed & neutralized oil is reduced by water washing. In this case the oil from the separator is heated to about 95 C in the Washing Heater and then mixed with 10 - 15% soft hot water in the Wash Mixer. After retention in the Wash Reactor the wet oil enters the Wash Water Separator. The washed oil, typically containing under 80 ppm soap and with a reduced level of phosphorus, is sent directly to bleaching as described above. The heavy phase soapy water is collected in the Recovered oil tank and drained to Effluent treatment.

Vacuum drying : Washed oil is fed continuously to the Vacuum dryer and sprayed through specially designed nozzles. The vacuum dryer is kept under a vacuum of 70 torr. The dried oil from the vacuum chamber is continuously pumped out by pump to intermediate storage tank.

DEWAXING : After De-gumming, Neutralization, water washing, vacuum drying De waxing is done. Initially the oil is cooled by cooling tower water to around 35 Deg C , from 35 Deg C the oil is cooled by cooled to 8 Deg C by using Propylene glycol as cooling media. This oil is then feed to crystallizer for Crystal growth. A proper residence time is given to have a good crystal growth; after the waxes gets crystallized the oil is subjected to filtration. This de waxed oil passes the cold test which gives clarity to oil even at lower temperature

BLEACHING : neutralized oil feed to the Bleacher through a Bleaching heater where the oil is heated up to Bleaching temperature of 100'C to 120'C and discharged into the slurry mixer. A valve dosing system proportions bleaching earth. The earth is introduced under the oil spray in the mixing chamber for improved mixing so earth does not enter the Bleaching Vacuum System. The earth adsorbs any residual gums and soap as well as trace metals, color bodies and other polar impurities. The Bleacher has multiple agitated compartments and operates under vacuum to ensure complete moisture and air removal. The dried oil and earth mixture is discharged by the Bleacher Discharge Pump to one of the Filters where the spent earth is removed. The filtered oil is collected in the Filtrate Receiver. The Bleached Oil Pump sends the oil to Deodorizing via one of the alternating Polish Filters.

Leaf Filter : The standard bleaching system is based on the use of two filters of which one is on line while the other is being cleaned and prepared for the next cycle. When a filter has reached its maximum capacity, as indicated by high feed pressure, it is taken off line for cleaning and replaced by the other filter.

The cleaning procedure begins by first pressurizing the filter with steam to expel residual oil into the Recovered Oil Tank and dry the spent filter cake. The oil recovered from the filter cake is collected in the tank and can usually be recycled to the Bleacher. After drying, a bottom discharge valve on the filter is opened and the leaves pneumatically vibrated so that the spent cake is dislodged and discharged via a hopper. The filter is then closed and readied for the next batch. Before going on line again it can be pre-coated with filter aid and/or bleaching earth in order to seal the filter leaves and minimize clogging. The adsorbents are mixed with bleached oil in the Heel Tank and applied to the leaves by circulation with the Pump. When not using filter aid or "off-line" pre-coat, the empty clean filter is filled and put on line while the other filter is still in operation. The filtrate from the clean filter is recycled back to the Bleacher until the filter is pre-coated with bleaching earth and the oil is clear. After this the full flow is switched to the new filter.

DEODORISATION : Bleached oil is continuously pumped from the Feed Tank by the De aerator Pump. The oil is pre-heated in the De aerating by outgoing deodorized oil followed by the Deae rating Heater before entering the De aerator. The vessel is under full vacuum, so that residual air is reduced to an absolute minimum. The De aerator Discharge Pump sends the oil through a Heat Exchanger where the temperature is increased by hot deodorized oil. The oil is heated to full processing temperature in the Vacuum Heater by thermal fluid from the Thermal Oil Heater. A portion of the free fatty acids in the oil will be flashed off as the oil temperature increases.

The hot oil enters the Packed Column, which is filled with special structured packing so that the oil is distributed into a thin film and is evenly agitated by stripping steam flowing counter currently from the bottom of the column. As a result, free fatty acids and other remaining volatile impurities in the oil are evaporated and removed with the steam. The residence time in the column is only a few minutes. The bulk of the free fatty acids along with aldehydes, ketones etc. in the oil are quickly stripped off before any heat induced permanent damage has been done.

The oil from the column flows into the Deodorizer where it flows through the channels of a series of vertically stacked compartments (trays) while agitated by stripping steam. The prolonged thermal action breaks down carotene and other color bodies, resulting in a lighter oil color. Also, the amount of remaining free fatty acids in the oil is reduced to an absolute minimum. The stripping steam passes through the packed column and no separate steam is required in the stripping column. The maximum retention time in the Deodorizer is 70 minutes.

Cooling : The deodorized oil is discharged into the deodorizing exchanger and cooled by incoming oil. The oil is then discharged by the Product Pump and further cooled to storage temperature in the De aerating Economizer and Product Cooler. The anti-oxidant is mixed with oil in the deodorizing exchanger.

Fatty Acid Recovery : Fatty acids and other materials, evaporated from the oil, are condensed by contact with recycled and cooled distillate in the Vapor Scrubber. The distillate is circulated by the Distillate Pump via the Distillate Cooler where it is cooled by cooling water. Accumulated distillate is discharged from the Scrubber to storage.

The process consist the other high efficient equipments like Steam Boiler , Thermic Fluid Heater , Water Softening Plant , Continuous managing PLC Systems , High Vacuum Systems , Chilling plant , Cooling tower and most important is quality analytical laboratory.